What are the differences between brushed motors and brushless motors.
An electric motor, also known as an electric motor, is a transmission device that converts and transmits electrical energy based on electromagnetic induction. Common motors include brushless motors, brushless motors, single-phase motors, three-phase motors, asynchronous motors, etc. So today, Chuanming editor will introduce to you the differences between brushed motors and brushless motors, as well as their advantages.
In literal terms, brushed motors and brushless motors have only one "brush" difference.
The stator, rotor, and brush are the main structures of brushed motors, which obtain rotational torque by rotating the magnetic field and output kinetic energy. The working principle of brushed motors is that the electric brush and commutator constantly come into contact and rub against each other, playing a conductive role and changing phases during rotation.
Brushed motor is the most basic among all motors, which not only has the advantages of fast starting, timely braking, smooth speed regulation, and simple control, but also has a simple structure and low price. For example, when we were children, there was a small device (motor) inside the four-wheel drive car, which was a brushed motor.
But electric brushes are also the main reason for the short lifespan of brushed motors. Due to the continuous sliding and friction of the brushes, they will wear and consume, and brushed motors must be regularly maintained and replaced with brushes.
So, will removing the brush of a brushed motor prolong its lifespan, thus creating a new type of motor, namely a brushless motor. But how does the motor operate after removing the brushes of the brushed motor?
The structure of
brushless DC motor is exactly opposite to that of brushed motor. In brushless motor, the commutation work is completed by the control circuit in the controller (usually Hall sensor+controller, more advanced technology is magnetic encoder).
A motor with brushes has fixed magnetic poles and rotating coils; Brushless motors, on the other hand, have fixed coils and rotating magnetic poles. In a brushless motor, the position of the permanent magnet pole is sensed by a Hall sensor, and then based on this perception, electronic circuits are used to switch the direction of the current in the coil that ensures the correct direction of magnetic force to drive the motor. Eliminate the shortcomings of brushed motors.
Without the friction of electric brushes, there are no sparks or electric motors in the motor; Brushless motors have no friction, fast speed, and are energy-saving; Brushless motors require almost no additional maintenance without brush friction.
Brushless motors have higher performance than brushed motors in many aspects, including price. Both the control circuit and the motor itself have much higher costs and prices than brushed motors of the same level.
