Typical Applications of DC Brushless Motors.
The application of DC brushless motors is very extensive, such as in automobiles, tools, industrial control, automation, aerospace, and so on. In general, brushless DC motors can be divided into the following three main uses:
1. Continuous load application
This application is mainly used in fields that require a certain speed but do not require high speed accuracy, such as fans, water pumps, hair dryers, and so on. Usually, these types of applications have relatively low costs and are mostly open-loop control.
2. Variable load application
This mainly refers to applications where the motor speed needs to vary within a certain range, and in such applications, there are higher requirements for the high-speed characteristics and dynamic response characteristics of the motor. Washing machines, dryers, and compressors in household appliances are good examples. In the automotive industry, oil pump control, electronic controllers, engine control, and electronic tools are also good examples. There are also many applications in the aviation field, such as centrifuges, pumps, robotic arms, gyroscopes, and so on. In this field, motor feedback devices are commonly used to form semi open and closed loops for control. This requires complex control algorithms, which increase the complexity of the controller and also increase the system cost.
3. Positioning application
Most applications in industrial control and automatic control belong to this category. In these applications, energy transmission is often completed, such as gears or conveyor belts, so the system has special requirements for the dynamic response and torque of the motor speed. At the same time, these applications may also need to change the direction of the motor at any time. The motor may work in constant speed, acceleration, and reduction stages, and the load may also change during these stages. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward for the controller. Usually, this type of control uses closed-loop control, and there may even be three control loops: torque loop, speed loop, and position loop. During speed measurement, photoelectric encoders and some synchronization devices may be used. Sometimes these sensors are used to measure relative position, and sometimes they are used to measure absolute position. Process control, mechanical control, and transportation control all belong to this category of applications.
Overall, compared to traditional brushed motors and induction motors, brushless motors have excellent characteristics such as high speed/torque ratio, good dynamic characteristics, high efficiency, long lifespan, low noise, wide speed range, and easy manufacturing. Especially the power output characteristics per unit volume make it suitable for applications that are sensitive to size and weight. These excellent characteristics make brushless DC motors widely used in industrial control, automotive industry, aerospace and other fields.
